Room 613 Student Blogs - 2005/2006

India’s history of events start at 2000 B.C. and keeps going. India is a very historical place. India was also home to a great leader Gandhi. Gandhi’s family was very inportant also. His daughter was the first woman prime minister in India. Also his wife Kasturbaitried to help the poor in India and died in gandhis arms.

Mohandas Karamachand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869. When I first studied Mohandas Karamachand Gandhi. well he was just another person. Then I realized as I kept reading about him that he was a very good leader and I understood what was so special about him. The thing that made him so special was that he was a loyal and great leader. Also he believed in indian freedom. Mohandas Karamachand Gandhi wanted all of india to be ruled by the indians’. mohandas died on January 30, 1948 when he was illegidly shot 3 times in the knee. After he died everyone went into pain and shock.let’s just say he ment alot to his people.

” The light has gone out. ” - Prime Minister Nehru

http://www.mkgandhi.org/bio5000/bio5index.htm

India’s poverty is wide spread, and is very bad in the city of Calcutta. There is very little medical care, poor sanitation, and high rates of death. One individual who dedicated her life to trying to help the people of Calcutta, was Mother Teresa, known as The Saint of The Gutters. Mother Teresa knew from the time that she was twelve that she wanted to be a nun, and when she turned 18 she left her home in Albania, and joined an order of nuns in Ireland.

Mother Teresa was sent to Calcutta to spread the word of God. She was a missionary, and a missionary’s job is to convince people to follow the ways of a religion. When Mother Teresa saw the horrible conditions she vowed to spend her life trying to improve the existence in Calcutta!

Mother Teresa traveled the world and met with politicians in many countries, trying to get their support to help the people of India. Presidents, world leaders, and even the Pope recognized her unbelievable dedication, and belief that god would rescue the people in Calcutta.
Mother Teresa was honored through out her life time as she was given awards from different parts of the globe, but all that Mother Teresa wanted was to improve the life of the people of Calcutta, and she never sought any reward for herself.

I got my information from http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9709mother.teresa/ (more…)

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi [lived] October 2,1869 throught January 30,1948 in Gujarat, Indian growing up as a Hindu child in the city of Porbandar. Gandhi was married when he was only 13 to Kasturbhai. She [lived] April 11,1869 through February 22,1944

Gandhi had struggled for independence from the British Empire. Gandhi had became the political leader of India. Gandhi had always wanted freedom cross the world for Hindu’s but Gandhi never thought of violence for solving problems more like nonviolence which led India to independence. He was always a peaceful [and] never wanted violence. Himself and the other Hindu’s were never treated equaly the same as the whites, but Gandhi had changed all that. September 4,1888 at the age of 18 Gandhi went to the University college of Londan to become a barrister. Gandhi had been making his clothes and had been on a strict vegetarian diet and was and still is reconized as the Father of the Nation. Have you been wondering how it all started? Well Gandhi had studied law. After 20 years he started studing law again. he went to India to become there leader. When the Muslim”s and Hindu’s were fighting there had become a great deal of trouble. Gandhi had only wanted peace but he had no choice so he decided not to eat anything till the fighting had stopped. Then the people heard about it and they had stopped fighting because they cared about Gandhi so much and they did not want him to die from starvation. The fighting stopped and Gandhi had started to eat again. Then on January 30,1948 Gandhi had been assasinated. Even though Gandhi is no [longer]here with us, he will always be along our sides!

Gandhi was an amazing man. He was non-violent and wanted people to get along I have never known this much about Gandhi. Well, I never known anything about Gandhi but this is really intersting. Just remember there’s so much more to learn [and] it’s only a mouse click away!

by: Madison H

GANDHI

By Robyn S.

Gandhi was born in Porbander,Gujarat, India October 2,1869. He grew up with his parents as slaves. He took school near Rajkot. His father was a prime minister for a local ruler. Gandhi was a great person because he took on ahimsa, that is total non-voilence. Gandhi lead India to an independant world. He led a nation wide campaign for the poor people. Gandhi was assassined on January 30,1948 by Nathuram Godse. Gandhi was walking to a praying meeting right before he got shot. The meeting took place at Birla House in New Delhi. Some called him a leader some probably never even liked him for that matter but hey no one can be liked by everyone. Some that liked him called him Bapu that means father of the nation. Gandhi learned by his own mistakes. Some believe that his last words were “oh god.” Well back to when he was alive he was arrested on March 10th. Gandhi had many principals truth, nonviolence, vegetarianism, brahmacharya,simplicity,and best of all faith.He held campaigns against landlords , he seems very powerful but he’s not. He was an important person though.Gandhi was introduced to Indian issues by Gopal Krishna Gokhale. One of the campaigns were most succsessful it had about 60,000 people there.( now that’s alot of people.)

Well hope this is some help to you.

I learned alot about GANDHI but most of the information was from websites and Mr .Hetherington. This ” project” was supposed to teach kids about Gandhi and maybe it will.

So keep your eyes peeled for more projects so you can learn a thing or two…

The British created a country called Pakistan for the Muslims. Pakistan had two regions West Pakistan and East Pakistan. They are separated by 1,100 miles of Indian Territory. East Pakistan separated from the country, causing a civil war. India joined the conflict on the side of the East Pakistan. In 1971 East Pakistan became the independent country of Bangladesh. Bangladesh had many reasons for separating from Pakistan. Two of them are that the two countries are very different because Pakistan is a mountainous country with many ethnic groups, while most people in Bangladesh share the same culture. In fact about 98% of the people of Bangladesh speak Bengali. However the second is that by 1970 East Pakistan paid more taxes than West Pakistan because the government was dominated by West Pakistan. Bangladesh has some of the greatest challenges of any country in the world. It is the ninth most populated country in the world. Also did you know that it has half the population of the United States, but they are squeezed into an area that is smaller then Wisconsin?

     Did you know that India did not always have its independence? In 1619 the British took control of what we know today as India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The British made India use English as their language and took away many Hindu customs. India tried to fight back in 1857, but the East India Company fell apart and the British maintained control. 

     Even though India was contolled by the British the economy continued to grow and prosper. Railroads were set up and trade increased. But one of the worse things the British did to India’s society was if something went wrong in India they blamed it on the Muslim population.  This caused conflict between the Muslims and the Hindus within India. 

      In 1885 India formed an Indian National Congress which was a group to fight against the British.  Even though the British ignored them the group received a lot of support from the Indian people and it reminded them to take pride in their country. In 1909 the Muslims won the right for separate elections. When Europe attacked Islamic countries, Muslims started to talk about breaking away from the British and forming a separate Muslim state.

     Mahatma Gandhi, an important leader in India, didn’t like the way the British were treating the Hindus and Muslims of his country.  He raised support to fight against the British by burning  identity cards, and making salt which was illegal.  When the British attacked the Indians who were making salt Ghandi told the people not to fight back. This made the British look bad.  Over the years Ghandi continued to fight for India’s independence from the British in non-violent ways.

     In 1945, after World War II, over 400 million people lived in India. There were 250 million Hindus, 90 million Muslims, 6 million Sikhs, and millions of Sectarians, Buddhist, and Christians. There were 23 main languages, 200 dialects, and 3000 castes. The British government could not control all the different ethnic groups. On August 14, 1947 the British gave power back to India.

     Since the Muslims were in the minority they were afraid there say would not matter.  The Muslims and the Hindus started fighting against each other. Ghandi went on a fast and was willing to die if the people would not stop fighting.  Eventually they stopped and India became two separate countries, India and Pakistan. Most of the Muslim population moved to Pakistan and the Hindus moved to India.  Now you know some amazing facts and incredible dates about India’s non-violent independence into two countries.

I knew that India was once controlled by the British. I did not know many of the important dates and events. I learned a lot of bad and good things that happened to India. My research really helped me find great information and helped me write my paper.

Gandhi was born on October 2 ,1869. But what his parents did not know is that he would be one of India’s greatest leaders in achieving freedom from England. Infact ,Ghandi had 4 children of his own but he had an arranged marriage,meaning,he and his wife were chosen for each other. He was married to Kastura Gandhi.They were both only thirteen years old. She was a inspiration to everyone.Especially when Gandhi was arrested for protesting English rule. She was a big factor on Gandhi’s campaign around Africa and India .When he decided to go on his journeys his goal was to see the pain and starving and the poverty of the people and try to correct it. What he wanted was to free India from English rule but without violance.He wanted to make every person safe free and peaceful. Well some of you are asking did Gandhi ever get the nobel peace prize? Well no he did not. One day on his journey he got assasinated and he became peacful and free from British power and as you can see Gandhi was a peaceful man and he helped free India by fasting and different protests of non-violence . I got my information at www.mkgandhi.org  and the movie GHANDI.

                                  Reflection

 I have learned that Gandhi was a rich man but not material rich ,but character rich. His goal was not to have civil or aney kind of war. The only thing he wanted was peace and harmoney but some did not like that so India split up muslim and hindu religions into now India and Packistan.The majority of the Muslim people went to the new country Pakistan.The others, the Hindues stayed in India.This happened in 1947.

      (He was called Mahatma. Meaning Great soul or great one.)

Mr. Ghandi was an incredible man who changed the rights of many Indian people. This man from the country of India gained its independence in 1947. Mr. Ghandi was born on October 2, 1869 at Porbandar, Kathiawod. Some of Mr. Gandhis beliefs were in peace, fearlessness, love, nonviolence, and vegetarianism. March, 1922 Mr. Gandhi was pleaded guilty for the charge of writtings and was sentenced to 6 years of imprisonment in Yervada jail. on the day of January, 1924 Mr. Gandhi was operated on for appendicitis and then released from prison in Febuary. At the time of January, 30, 1948 at 5:13pm Mr. Gandhi was assasinated by being shot 3 times in the chest by Nath Vram Vinayak Godse. For last Mr. Gandhi was cremated on January, 31, 1948 on the banks of river Yamuna.

                     So thats what happend to Mr. Gandhi from whe he was just a normal man to a very famous man in a great country of India. In this biography about Mr. Gandhi I listed  the dates of the very important times like when when he was born on October 2, 1869.

I got my info from: www.Mahatma.org and www.mkGandhi.org

(more…)

Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in Porbandar, India. At age 13 he married 12 year old Kasturba Makanji. They had 4 sons. He studied law in London and returned to India in 1891. In 1893 he worked in South Africa. South Africa was ruled by the British. When he tried to claim his rights as a British he was abused. He saw many other Indians abused as well. He spent a total of 7 years in prison, often fasting to show his support. He became the leader of the Indian Nationalist Movement. Gandhi tried to secure the rights for the Indian people in the most nonviolent way. In 1915 he returned to South Africa with his wife and children. In 1948, at the age of 78, he was assassinated by a Hindu who opposed his beliefs. He will always be known to the people of India as Gandhi Mahatma, meaning Great Soul.

Buddhism started In India about 2500 years ago by Gautama the Budda. He grew up and married a young princess and had kids. He went into a town that he never knew or been in. The princess name was Karma. They believed in gods. Gautama is going to be the future religious leader. Buddah is a big person that is fat and was a religion for India. I have learned [alot] about India. India is a big country and Buddhism is their most [popular] religion. India is a crowded area and they have a river that is holy and they bath in it. Buddhism is a large religion [in] South Asia. Budda means awakened one. Gautama died at age 80 in Kushnara. Peopl believe that ther are two different kinds of budda. People also believe that he looked like a fat person and a skinny people. I found this information at Information-Enertainment.com.

Gandhi, A motivational speaker changed the world. He was born on October,2,1869 in Porbander. He went to London to study law. He accepted an offer by Indian businessmen in South Africa. He stayed in South Africa for over twenty years. He returned back to india in 1915. Gandhi was put in prison for burning goverment property. Gandhi was released from prison because of his sickness.In 1948 a terible accident happened. Gandhi died.What made him so great was he never backed down fom anything.

I picked Gandhi because I wanted to learn more about him and why he did all tof the stuff that he did.

I got my information from http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/History/Gandhi/gandhi.html

My teacher told everyone to pick a place in India, and I picked New Delhi. New Delhi is a city that defies a one-line description as the capital of the world’s largest democacy. Delhi is 32,87,267 sq. km of India’s fantastic variety compressed into 1483 sq. km. Delhi is true cosmopolitan city always on the move. Delhi is also a deram city for visitors looking for items of handicrafts. Many wildlife sancturaies, heritage sites, hill stations, and quaint little towns sorround Delhi.

The History on New Delhi is that the first person to find the city is a British person, and it was in 1911. New Delhi is the first city that had an independence war in 1857. The Delhi’s was [a] thorn in the eyes of the British. New Delhi is one of the oldest cities in the world.

Where I got my information was that I went to Google and typed in New Delhi, and I also typed in History on New Delhi. Then I looked around for good information on New Delhi, then I found this information.

I learned that the first civilization in India was that they were some what organized, and they understaned what to do sometimes. I also learned that they were good fishers.

http://www.indianchild.com/indian_kingdoms.htm

On October 31st, 1984 a terrible thing happened,India’s prime minister, Indira Ganhi was shot. She died at the age of 67. After she had been shot, she was rushed to the All India Medical Hospital to try and remove the bullets, but an hour and a half later, she was pronounced dead. The two people who fired the bullets were guards that worked at her home. The two people who shot her were believed to be Sikh extremists. Five years later Satwant and Kehar Singh were hung for the killing of Indira Gandhi. When she was shot she was believed to be walking in her garden, in the morning. Although it was a great loss for India, it was an even greater loss for her family. She was married to Feroze Gandhi and had two boys, Rajiv and Sanjay Gandhi. You may say, “who cares, it’s someone who died,” you are wrong. She was an amazing woman, why, at the age of thirteen, she organized a “Monkey army” that was made up of teenagers. This was one thing that proved her intentions were to fight for her countries independence. In 1971, Indira Gandhi was honored with `Baret Ratna`. She acheived many things such as upliftment of the poor, nationalization of banks, and many more.

By researching this topic, it gave me a better understanding on where, when, and by who Mrs. Gandhi was shot by. I also learned a little bit about her family and a liitle about what she did.

I found this information at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/31/news-2464000/2464423.stm

picture and additional info from http://www.webindia123.com/personal/politician/indira1.jpg

Mohandas Ghandi was A great leader as you may all know. Infact, he even led the entire country of India to its independence from the super power of the 1800’s, Great Britain. But before he had done all of these amazing things he had to be born right?

Ghandi was born and raised in a town called Poorbander. He slowly became and there. Then he moved to London where he studied the art of law and became an attorney. After a while being an attorney he moved to South Africa where he finally decided he had had enough with all this crazy Brittan leading South African countries! One reason he had chosen this is because there was a lot of going on there. One example of this is, one of the train officials on a train he was riding kicked him out of his first class seat because he was black! He then protested non-violently by calling a meeting in the center of a town in South Africa he there burned the passes that showed that the citizens there were well.. citizens and saying that this is our first step of independance! He continued this defience until the guards that were there beat him senceless! Talk about guts. After this he continued protesting with a crowd that just kept growing and growing. FINALLY in 1947 after years of protesting Ghandi who was now in OLD OLD age finally won the non-violent battle.

Ghandi is now remembered through out the Indian country and has an everlasting flame memorial above his grave. Just recently George W. Bush visted them and threw flowers on his grave as a sign of respect to all the things he had done and to the country for following him.

I got this info from

This Site!

When I wrote this paragraph I learned belive it or not that Ghandi was not a female!hahaBut I also learned about all the amazing things he has done. I have only wrote a small portion of things he has done above in the post. Also when I was searching the web for info I dicovered what he looked like too. Overall this project allowed me to learn MANY things about Mohandas Ghandi!

In 2000 B.C. the first civilization was formed along the Indus river. It was known to be the first earliest civilization in the world. The word Indus is the English name that came from Sinthos in Greek and Sindus in Latin.The Indus river is a natural boundary between Afganistan and Iran. The Indus river supplies many large industries and is the main supply of fresh water in Pakistan. It is considered very sacred in the Hindu religion. It is known to have 2 large cites called: Harppa and Mohenjo Daro, (which is now Pakistan). The river was supported by a base called the Indus Valley Civilzation. The Indus Valley Civilzation is where wheat and barley were grown. There were many animals that were raised in the Indus Valley Civilization. Cotton was grown there too. No one knows when the civilization ended. But it is known that Mohenjo Daro was attacked and destroyed in the mid 2nd millennium bc.

So the first civilization was at 2000bc and the Indus river was very sacred. Also the river had a base and it was called: Indus Valliy Civlivization. My source was:http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Indus+river

I got the picture from:http://static.flickr.com/9/16388427_e98ea7006a.jpg

I got this picture from:http://www.ancientindia.co.uk/geography/images/indus_r.jpg

This project enhanced my thinking and google searching skills. I would never have known how important this river was if I had not done this project. The most important fact about the Indus River as I told you was that it was one of the first civilizations in the world. And that is my history of India project.

Buddhism originated in India. Did you know that Buddhism was from a hindu priest named Siddhartha Gohtama and he lived to be 80 years old. He was born in North India and his followers were called sanghas at the time. Buddha taught that there is no god at all and his teachings were passed thru-out Asia. I found this info at www.arcworld.org and it is a good source to use for looking up the history of Buddhism. I think this religion is superb there and is nice to know.

You might be wondering how one of the oldest religions in Asia (Buddhism) came to be what it is today.

Well, it all started with the prince of Kapilaunst (now Nepal), Siddharta Gautama. This magnificent prince’s birth place was Limbini (now known as Nepal), and he was born around 563 B.C. Siddharta realized the great amount of hunger and poverty in the world, and he wanted to help out his people. He began to help by first achieving perfect peace, which is also known as Nirvana, by sitting under the Bodhi tree and meditating so he could become one with himself. By the time he was 35 he achieved his goal and this triumph began the Buddhist religion in about 525 B.C. Due to his accomplishment he received the title ‘Buddha’. The title means one who has been awakened to reality. Then ‘Buddha’ felt the need to spread his newly obtained knowledge of meditation to others. He believed that meditation made people calmer, it gave them wisdom, and that meditation was the heart of Buddhism. In order to inform people about his ‘vision’, ‘Buddha’ traveled to the remote area of the Ganglic Plain, and he taught the people who were willing to learn about his revelation. Soon this religion was practiced all over India. However, about 200 years later, Buddhism had only about 4 million followers out of the billion people in India because Buddhism made its way to China and other religion moved into India, like Hinduism.
Buddhism has stayed very similar to when it first started, but it has had a few things added to it. For instance, now there are two branches of Buddhism. The first of which is Theravada which means “Path of the Elders”, and this is the oldest type of the two. The second is known as Mahavana which means “The Great Vessel.” In the Buddhist religion, the most important holiday is Wesak, which celebrates the birth, the achievements of ‘Buddha’, and his tragic death that took place around 483 B.C. due to an unknown cause. The inspiration to thousands of people was deceased, but his accomplishments and achievements would live on forever.
When I researched Buddhism I learned many things about how it evolved from one man obtaining oneness to over 4 million people taking part in the practices. Also, I learned what an important man Siddharta Gautama was. This man helped many people by teaching them how to gain wisdom, awareness, and to gain concentration through the calming art of meditation.

I got my information from the following sites…….

www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religions/buddhism

www.worldalmanacforkids.com/explore/religion1.html

www.bbc.co.uk/birmingham/faith/buddhism.shtml

I got my picture from http://www.india-crafts.com/images/big/buddhist_art.jpg

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was also known as Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi was born on October 2nd, 1869 in Porbandar which is currently Gujarat. Gandhi went to the University College in London to study law. In 1891 he went back to India and started a law practice in Bombay, which is currently Mumbai. He went to Durban. He was in Southern Africa for about 20 years. When he was in South Africa he got beaten for throwing out his I.D. that showed he was an Indian. He taught about the nonviolent resistance movement too. During The Boer War Gandhi controlled the Red Cross Unit for the British Army. On January 20, 1948 there was an attempt to assassinate Gandhi but it didn’t work, but it worked on January 30, 1948. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, the “Indian Leader” was assassinated. That was the end of this great man’s life. During this project, I learned how to make a hyperlink and how to skim Internet websites. I also learned how to copy and paste from a Word Processor.

I’m sure you know some of America’s history, but do you know about India’s history? In this post you will be learning about some of India’s history.

About 4000 years ago in 2000 B.C. the first Indian civilization built cities along the Indus River valley in present day Pakistan. There are three different names for the first Indian civilization. The first one is the Harappan Civilization because it was named after the city of Harappa. The second one is the Indus-Sarasvati civilization because a lot of the features of it were discovered at the banks of the Sarasvati River. The last name is the Sindhu-Sarasvati civilization because of the Sanskrit name of the Indus River, the Sindhu. This civilization was also along the Ghaggar-Hakra River as well as the Indus River. The people of this civilization could read just like us and they spoke in Dravidian language. A lot about this civilization is still unknown. Archaeologists only have deciphered a small portion of this language. They traded with Mesopotamia, Southern India, Afghanistan, and Persia for gold, silver, copper, and turquoise. They were the first people to grow cotton to produce cloth. Also they grew wheat, barley, peas, melons, and Sesame.

Doing this project added to my previous knowledge because I learned a lot about the first civilization of India. I learned that researching online is easy as long as you use the right key words. I learned how to get back into a post if you haven’t finished it. I realized that learning about other places around the world can be more interesting when you learn about them online. Finally I learned how to put in a picture because I wasn’t exactly sure how to.

So now you know about some of India’s history, about the first Indian civilization. I hope you enjoyed it.

Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilization and http://www.thenagain.info/WebChron/India/Harappa.html

The Indus Valley civilization

Photos from: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c1/Indusvalleyexcavation.jpg/350px-Indusvalleyexcavation.jpg

Born November, 19, 1917 Indira Gahndi’s political career started when she was just twelve years old. At this time, the British were controlling India, they would regurely arrest members of the Indian National Congress and search their homes. Because of this the Monkey Birgade was formed, this was actually a group of children who warned Congress members in they were to be arrested. Being the Monkey Birgades leader, Indira gave speeches while other children ran messages. People figured the British wouldn’t suspect children to be doing the dangerous work. Finally in 1938, Indira accomplished one of her life long goals and joined the Indian National Congress Party. Four years later she married a journalist, Feroze Gandhi. Shortly after they were married, the couple were thrown into jail by the British, they were charged for rebelling against the British. Indira’s first and only punishment lasted eight months at the Naini National Jail in Allahabad.Indira was released from jail in 1947, when India became independent from the British. During this year, Indira’s father became prime minister of India. Since Indira’s mother had died, Indira usually traveld with her father to meet very high ranking political leaders. This gave her an advantage, because in 1959, Indira became the fourth woman to ever be elected president of the Indian National Congress. Later in 1964, Indira’s father died, a new prime minister, Lal Bahedur Shastri selected Indira to be minister of information and broadcast. This was the fourth most important position with in the Cabinet. When Shastri died unexpectedly two years later, Indira resumed his position as prime minister for the remaining of her term. Amazingly at the next election, Indira became the first ever prime minister of India. Things went pretty smooth for Indira’s first term as prime minister, and when elections came again, Indira was elected once more. Unfortunally in 1975 Indira was found guilty of breaking election laws, she was orderd by the High Court of Allahbadto resign for office. But Indira didn’t give up easily, she declared that India was in a state [of] emergency. This act was basically making herself a dictator, she thought she was helping Indians. But they hated her for it and when elections were held again in 1977 Indira was voted out of office. Many said that her political career was done, but three years later she resumed her ob as prime minister of India. Sadly, on October 31, 1984 Indira’s body guards assasignated her. They said they were avenging the damage done to the Sikh Golden Temple, Indira had orderd the invasion last June because there seemed to be terrorist activity from some of the more extreme Sikhs.

“My grandfather once told me that there are two kinds of people:”Indira said once “those who work and those who take the credit. He told me to try to be in the first group; there was less competition there.” And Indira did work hard, leading India to be one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Even though Indira was hated by many Indians, she has earned their thanks, leading India through some troubling times, she deserves to be honerd.

This project added to my previous knowledge by informing me of Indira Gandhi’s life, the obstacles she had to overcome in her political career and the reasoning behind the assasignation of Indira Gandhi. It was a very intresting topic and if you want to learn more, check out the websights where I got my information.

More quotes from Indira Gandhi

“We must learn to be still in the midst of activity and to be vibrantly alive in repose.”

“You cannot shake hands with a clenched fist.”

Picture from http://www.fuenterrebollo.com/Indira%20Gandhi.jpg

Resources here and here

Buddhism was founded in ancient India about 2,500 years ago by Buddah, Shakyamuni who was born in Nepal. Their god is Buddha wich means the enlightened one. In Buddhism the sacred book is the tripitika. Today 359.981,000 people practice buddhism. In Buddhism there are three teachings the Hinayana, Mahayana, Vajrayana teachings. Buddhism attained realization in about 531 B.C.E, the Buddah taught Buddhism untill he passed away in 486 B.C.E. Before the Buddha passed he taught all of the Buddhist teaching’s. When I was writing this paragraph I learned alot of new things about buddhism and how people practice it. That is all I have  to tell you. I got my info at this website. below are pictures of buddhas.

Indira was born on November 19, 1917 in Allahabad. Her fathers name was Jawaharlal Nehru and her mothers name was Kamala Kaul. Inspired by her parents Indira worked for freedom her entire life. She lived in India but they were considered a minority as the British ruled them at all times. When she was younger she was a very courageous girl. Her family could never know when to expect the next inspection of the British police. At the age of 12 she was already the head of the children’s group. Their purpose was to end the British control of India. And they soon formed what was called the Monkey Birgade. As she delivered speeches the other children’s went around and told the people when they were to be arrested or inspected. Of coarse the British never suspected that children would do such a thing. When Indira got older she married Feroze Gandhi.Her mother died in 1936. In 1947 her father became the prime minister and she became his hostess, 17 years later he died in 1964. In 1959 she became the fourth woman ever elected to be India’s president. In 1966 she was elected prime minister. Then in 1967 she became the first woman ever to lead a democracy. In 1971 she was reelected to campaign with the slogan “Abolish Poverty”. But in 1975 Indira was found guilty of election laws. And in 1977 she was voted out of office. In 1980 she was realected prime minister,at 67 she unfortunately, in 1984, was assassinated by two of her own body guards.

If I had never been assigned this project there would be no way for me to know that Indira Gandhi was even a person let alone only the fourth woman ever elected president in Indea. I never even new there was such a thing as the Monkey Birgade. And I could never have known that she was born in 1917 and sadly killed by her two of her own body guards in 1984. 

My resources were

http://www.answers.com/Indira%20Gandhi%20Quotes

and

http://www2.lhric.org/pocantico/womenenc/gandhi.html

Indira Nehru was daughter of the prime minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru. She was born on November 19, 1917, and would one day be elected prime minister herself. At a very young age, Indira was already interested in politics. During the time of British rule, Indian National Congress workers from Allahabad, never knew when or if the British would arrest them or search their houses. At the age of twelve, Indira lead a group called the Monkey Brigade, a group of kids that worked to find out when and where the British were planning their searches. The Monkey Brigade alerted the people who were going to be arrested. Ultimately this helped to end Britain’s rule in India.
The top officials of the Congress Party were arranging a civil disobedience movement. Indira was sitting in the back seat of the car that held the civil disobedience plans. While Indira waited for the car to leave, a policeman demanded to inspect the car. He would have found the papers, if Indira had not talked to him. Indira told him that she was in an urgent rush for school, and that she would be late if they didn’t leave right away. The policeman finally gave in to Indira’s begging, and let them go without the inspection. The secret of the civil movement had been saved by a young girl. Indira took her job very seriously for a kid so young even though some people thought it was laughable that a child was helping.
In 1936, Indira’s mother died. In 1938, when Indira was 21, she joined something she had always wanted to join: the Indian National Congress Party. When she was 25, she married Feroze Gandhi, a journalist and later they had two sons. On September 11 of that same year, Indira and Feroze were sent to the Naini Central Jail in Allahabad, charged with subversion by the British. They were let out on May 13, the next year.

In 1947, India became free from Britain. That is when Indira’s father was elected prime minister. Indira was elected president of the Indian National Congress in 1959. In 1964, her father died and a new prime minister was elected – his name was Lal Bahadur Shastri. He selected Indira to be minister of information and broadcasting, which was one of the highest positions in the cabinet. Indian’s couldn’t read or write, so radios were important for informing them. She knew this, and encouraged manufacturing of radios that didn’t cost much. She also started a family planning program. The Prime Minister, Shastri died in 1966. Indira was elected as the next prime minister in 1967 and became one of the first women to ever lead a democracy. Using the slogan: “Abolish Poverty”, she was re-elected in 1971. Although in 1977, Indira was voted out of office, she was elected back into the position of prime minister in 1980. She stayed as the prime minister for four years. Her last day leading was also her last day alive, for on October 31, 1984, her bodyguards killed her because they disagreed with one of her political decisions.

Indira had accomplished many improvements for India like improving India’s relationships with other countries, and sending the first satellite into space. Indira did her best as prime minister to improve the lives of Indians.
I have learned a lot more about Indira Nehru/Gandhi then I ever knew. In the beginning, all I knew was that she was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, she was elected prime minister, and she was assassinated. From the Internet, you can learn anything!
For more Information on Indira Gandhi, visit my sorces:

Indira Ghandi at Wikipedia

Indira Gahandi at Womans History
For more pictures, Click here:

Indira Nehru/Gandhi

Indira Gandhi was a very important figure in India. She lived in the 20^th century, to the age of 66 years. She was the only child of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, elected in 1947. At the time, she worked in the Parliament with her husband Feroze Gandhi, also part of the same party, Parsi.

For the next 19 years, she was always involved in the government, in the Parliament. In 1966, she took the position of Prime Minister. She remained in office for the next 11 years when her party was defeated. Three years later, she ran again, and retook the position of Prime Minister. She had made her first enemy, the Sikh leader, Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale. She maintained the position of Prime Minister for four years until 2 Sikh bodyguards conspired to kill her. She was shot to death when the bodyguards had reached their limit of anger on October 31, 1984 in New Delhi. Riots broke out for the next several days and thousands of Sikhs were killed. Indira Gandhi previously said “If I die a violent death, as some fear and a few are plotting, I know that the violence will be in the thought and the action of the assassins, not in my dying.” But, “Even if I died in the service of my nation, I would be proud of it. Every drop of my blood……… will contribute to the growth of this nation and to make it strong and dynamic”. Despite the tragic ending, she is still remembered as one of the most important figures in the history of India.

Reflection:

I first knew about Indira Gandhi and how she was important in India. When I saw that she was assassinated I was surprised and eager to learn more about the topic. Mr. H had first assigned that we had to do an India Blog Project, where you look up more information about a topic you find interesting. At first, all I knew was that Indira Gandhi was a Prime Minister of India and she was assassinated in 1984. I had found some really good websites and I also got better surfing the web. The sites were highly recommended by Mr. H. I got some really good information and I got to understand more about Indira Gandhi’s Assassination. I found that her enemies were unpredictable and the assassination was what led me to learn about it.

I got my information from:

www.wikipedia.org

www.distinguishedwomen.com

www.onwar.com

Prime Minister Indira Gandhi accompanied

With U.S President

Ronald Reagan

Photo from http://www.famous-india.com/people-in-india/indira-gandhi.html

India, 1943- The British were reigning over India, forcing them to do things like carry passes, and not allowing them the same privileges as the British. (they soon left India in 1947) Then when the worst recorded famine in history swept through eastern India, they were totally unprepared. This food shortage was called The Bengal Famine. An estimated total of 4,000,000 people died of starvation in that one year, think of it, in ONE YEAR, alone! It took a long time for them to recover, and that process was sped up by The Green Revolution. The Green Revolution was a combination of more farming agriculture, and improved seeds. The Revolution didn’t start causing dramatic affects until 1967, when they had the technology to genetically improve seeds, and by 1978, most of India was self- sustaining, and was producing enough food for most of it’s people to live happily and healthy.

This paragrapph tought me much about The Green Revolution and the hardships the Indians had to face during the Bengal Famine. I learned that many of the improvements in India’s agriculture were from technology, and that without it India would probably cease to exist.

My recources can be found by clicking on The Green Revolution or

Bengal Famine

Indira Gandhi. Who is she? On Nov. 19th, 1917, Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi was born in Allahabad. She was the daughter Jawaharlal Nehru and Kamala Kaul Nehru.

When her parents taught her everything she needed to know, she went to collage and studied at Visva Bharati University in Bengal. She then attended University of Oxford in England, shortly after her mother died in 1936. As college left Indira’s life, she joined the Indian Nation Congress in 1938 for Indian Independence. Love was next on Indira’s list as she met Feroze Gandhi and got married. She then had two sons, Rajiv (1944) and Sanjay (1946).

A year after Sanjay’s birth, India won it’s independence! Indira’s father then became Prime Minister having Indira the hostess of political confident. Working as a hostess, tragedy struck. Indira’s husband died in 1960. Four years later another loss in the family occurred. Indira’s father, Jawaharlal died. Now you may be wondering, well who was the Prime Minister in replace of Jawaharlal. His name was Lal Bahadur Shastri. He was the replaced Jawaharlal but soon died in 1966, leaving Indira to follow the footsteps of her father. Indira became the third Prime Minister. While Indira was Prime Minister, her beloved son Sanjay, died later in the year of 1980. He was piloting a private airplane over New Delhi and crashed.

Indira was a great Prime Minister. She accomplished many of her dreams and brought together many people. I quote, ” You can not shake hands with a clenched fist.” but apparently some people did not agree with Indira. Indira was killed by two sikh body guards who took revenge and killed her by the grounds of her home. Rajiv then became Prime Minister, replacing his mother. Rajiv was Prime Minister for five years. He shortly resigned in 1989. His life had other plans for him when he was killed in a suicide bombing.

Indira Gandhi was a great person, we will never forget her.

I have learned a lot more about Indira Gandhi that I ever thought. Now I understand how she was a great person and an inspiration to us.

“Even if I died in the service of the nation, I would be proud of it. Every drop of my blood…..will contribute to the growth of this nation and make it strong and dynamic”

I got my information from Encyclopedia 2000 and my picture and other information from the website below.

http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/History/Independent/Indira.html

On November 19th, 1917, Indira Gandhi was born. Little did she know that she would go down in history in the future.She was born in Allahabad too! When she got older she studied at Visva-Bharati University in Bengal, then when she felt like she knew enough, she enrolled in the University of Oxford in England. Later on, a very tragic accident happend.Kamala Kual Nehru, which was her mother, died. She passed away in 1936.Soon after this took place, in 1938 she graduated collage and went on with life, and decided to join the Indian National Congress for Indian Independance.Then her love life approached, and she married Parsi, Feroze Gandhi. Later she had her first child, it was a boy, then her second, which was another boy! Finally the Indians won their Independance in 1947. Then another one of those tragic moments brought another death, Indira’s husband passed away in 1960.Trying to get over her husbands loss, before she knew it she was the prime minister of India. Indira Gandhi was then assassinated in 1984.

What I learned from this paper was that she became the prime minister of India. Before I wrote this and took notes I never knew that. Another thing i learned from this paper is that she had two boys, im excited to know that now! I believe Indira Gandhi was a very brave and unique woman, she made it so far and she helped India win its independance. I think back then she was a very inspiring person to many others and even now she still is. She is a great role model.

Mahatma Gandhi (see picture above left) was born on October 2, 1869 in Porbandr, Gulart, India. When he was 13 years old he married his wife Kasturba (see picture above right) and latter had 4 sons. He grew up in a hindu family (hinduism teaches people to live peacefully). He went to England and studied law and then spent 20 years defending indians in South Africa. During that time Great Britain occupied India and treated its people as slaves and gave them no rights. The people were grossly abused. Ganghi did not believe this treatment was fair and decided to lead (or try to lead) a non-violent protest against the government. One of the famous movements was the “quit india movement” when he asked his followers to give up British titles, schools and anything else British. He had to stop the protest because to many British policeman were being killed by indians and blacks who didn’t agree with Gandhi’s non-violent ways. He served 7 years in jail. After serving his jail sentence he tried again to protest peacefully. He was successful with 10 million people supporting him. The British left the country.

Gandhi was a vegetarian and made his own clothes and lived simply. He tried to achieve by learning from his mistakes and experimenting with himself. Sadly, he was assassinated by a Hindu fanatic during a prayer in New Delhi, India. He lived a good life and no one will forget him. He inspired many world leaders like Martin Luther King. Too bad he died of what he preached against most, violence!

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi

the picture is also from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi

The Indus valley was the largest civilization in the world in 3000 B.C. to 1500 B.C. The scholars  still disagree that the Aryans overtook Harappan civilization from force or they simply moved in from coexisted with the during the decline. The Aryans had a  cattle-breeding society. They [historians] found no evidence of horses, chariats, and iron discovered at Indus Valley. A lot of chariots has been questioned stell going on today.

http://history-world.org/indusmap.jpg For the pitcher.

Born on October 2,1869, Putlibia as the mother, was a child named Mohandus Gandhi. He was born into a very religious family. He and his family were Hindu. His mother would not eat a meal without praying to the sun first. Sometimes, when it was raining and the sun was not out, she would last days until she got to pray. When he was a boy he did not care very much, for the subjects he was taught, but soon started liking them. When he was on his way home from school he did not stop to chat with people, or stop to eat, he went straight home to start his studies.When he was thirteen he was married to a woman named Kasturba, who was the same age as Gandhi. In 1885 his father had died of an illness. Soon after, he passed his High School, which made him feel a little better. His family had agreed for Gandhi to go to England to study to become a barrister. After that he had tried to become Diwan, but when he left England he had promised his mother that he would not eat non-vegetarian food, also he would not drink alcohol. When he was away he had alot of people coming up to his trying to get him to become whatever religion that man was. He stuck to his religion, but he studied the Bible, Gita, and the Quran. In 1891, after completing his studies, he returned to India. When he got to India he had found out that his mother had passed. His brother did not contact him in any way when his mother died, because, he did not want this to interfear with his studies. After he qualified for a barraster he tried to be a lawyer in Rajok. When he got no cases he moved to Bombay. He got one case, and tried really hard to present it well, but could not present it satisfactorally. He wasn’t getting any more cases, until his brother came along and got him a case. The man he was doing a case for was named Mr. Abdulla. He was a rich buissnessman who lived in South Africa. Luckily, that case was succesfull. So he left for Africa in 1895. Since that case was succesful he got many more cases. Even though he became a good lawyer, the British treated him badly. There were insults, rude comments, and sometimes the physically assaulted him. When the British fought the Dutch in a war called the Boer war, they needed alot of help. So the many people of India helped them out. The British won!!! They couldn’t have done it without the help [of] the many people of India. So, since they won, they got more rights. On August 15, 1947 India attained it’s freedom. The one person Gandhi admired was Gopal Krishna Gokhale. Also Gandhi thought of him as a mentor. Finally, on January 30, 1948 in New Delhi, when he was on his way to a prayer meeting, he was shot by an assailant. His last words were ‘Hey Ram.’ If anyone asks you who Gandhi was, you say, Gandhi was a man who dedicated his life to humanity, also he taught the importance of truth,and non-violence. The one most benefiting tribute that Indians can pay him, is to follow the path he had shown us.

Would you like to watch a 30 secon video?

How about a speech from Gandhi? 

I bet you never thought that you would be a prime ministers daughter! But lets go on a adventure and see how one girl’s life started.

First lets see what your name is. Your name is Indira Gandhi and you were born on November 19, 1917. You were born in Allahabad,UP,India. Your dad is named Jawaharlal Nehru and is India’s first prime minister.Then you grow up a little, and become a beautiful yong woman.Then the people elected you the into the congress in India. But very soon Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri died in 1966 and further more, India now needs a leader then you Indira Gandhi was chosen as a perfect candidate to replace him. You were elected to the office in 1967. In 1975 you were convicted of cheating in the 1971 election and the Highest Court in India made you resign. But you declared a state of emergency.Then the high court took back on the charges and then you went for the 1979 election.But you lost the election.But then had a great comeback in 1980 and then you ran again to be the prime minister and got elected again!!!But then a horrible thing happened on October 31, 1984, you, Indira Gandhi. Sikh bodyguards assassinated you.Wasn’t that a cool adventure I guess you are a true hero.(Or Indira Gandhi is.)And long live the true hero!!!!

What I learned from doing this topic is that you have to fight for what you believe and trust it and even better follow your dreams and live life fighting for what you want believe and care for just like Indira Gandhi.

My resource was http://www2.lhric.org/pocantico/womenenc/gandhi.html

Photo from http://65.214.37.88/ts?t=6524035427639601462